Xiuhua Liu , Jun Wang , Qikun Huang

Tropical Microbial Resources Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
Field Crop, 2025, Vol. 8, No. 2   
Received: 13 Feb., 2025    Accepted: 25 Mar., 2025    Published: 16 Apr., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Studying the defense mechanisms and breeding strategies for grapevine resistance to biotic stresses is crucial for reducing pesticide use, enhancing yield stability, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. This study summarizes the primary defense mechanisms of grapevines against biotic stresses, including innate immune responses, specific immune responses, biochemical defenses, and physical barriers. It also reviews the application of traditional hybrid breeding, marker-assisted selection (MAS), genomic selection (GS), and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in improving grapevine resistance, and analyzes several successful case studies, such as the development of powdery mildew-resistant, phylloxera-resistant, and multi-resistant grapevine varieties. The findings illustrate the practical outcomes of resistance breeding in agriculture, emphasizing that grapevine resistance is regulated by a combination of biological mechanisms and environmental factors. Abiotic stresses (e.g., drought and heat) often interact with biotic stresses, further complicating resistance research. To address these challenges, future research directions include integrating multi-omics technologies, fostering international collaboration to share germplasm resources, and leveraging precision breeding technologies to enhance the efficiency of resistant variety development. This study provides comprehensive insights into grapevine resistance research and practices, offering significant implications for sustainable grape production and disease management.

Grapevine; Biotic stress; Resistance breeding; Defense mechanisms; Gene editing