

Cotton Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol. 15, No. 6
Received: 22 Oct., 2024 Accepted: 28 Nov., 2024 Published: 13 Dec., 2025
Drought seriously affects global cotton production and poses significant challenges to sustainable agricultural development. This study explores the genetic improvement of cotton drought resistance from the physiological mechanisms, genetic traits, and advanced breeding techniques, as well as key physiological mechanisms such as osmotic regulation, stomatal regulation, and root development, as well as genetic traits including ABA biosynthesis genes, stress-induced proteins, and transcription factors. Key molecular breeding methods such as marker assisted selection (MAS), genome selection (GS), and genome editing tools (such as CRISPR-Cas9) are introduced, and biotechnology interventions such as transgenic methods and RNA editing are also elaborated The role of interference (RNAi) and omics techniques in improving stress resistance was demonstrated through case studies, demonstrating the practical application of these strategies in developing drought tolerant cotton. Insights into the results and lessons learned were provided, and challenges such as genetic bottlenecks, environmental variability, and regulatory constraints were discussed. This study aims to promote the development of elastic cotton varieties and ensure sustainable productivity under constantly changing climate conditions.
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