Mengting Luo

Chen J.H., and Luo M.T., 2024, The influence of long-term retransposon activity in Gossypium genome evolution, Cotton Genomics and Genetics, 15(5): 249-258 (doi: 10.5376/cgg.2024.15.0024)
Author    Correspondence author
Cotton Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol. 15, No. 5   
Received: 14 Sep., 2024    Accepted: 16 Oct., 2024    Published: 23 Oct., 2024

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

As a complex polyploid species, transposon activity has played a crucial role in the evolution of the cotton genome, influencing gene function, genome stability, and environmental adaptability. This study summarizes the major types of transposons present in the cotton genome and their distribution, exploring how transposon activity has shaped the structure and function of the cotton genome through genome expansion, chromosomal rearrangements, and gene duplication. Additionally, the role of transposons in the regulation of gene expression, gene capture, and environmental adaptability is analyzed in detail. The study reveals that transposon activity has driven the evolution of cotton fiber traits and has significantly impacted its stress resistance and disease resistance. Furthermore, transposons have played a key role in cotton domestication and polyploid genome formation. Understanding the long-term impact of transposon activity on cotton genome evolution and its role in regulating gene expression, promoting gene innovation, and adaptive evolution provides a theoretical foundation for the application of transposons in cotton genetic improvement, highlighting the potential of transposons as tools for genome editing in precision breeding.

Cotton; Transposons; Genome evolution; Gene expression regulation; Precision breeding