Jin Zhou , Xuemei Liu

Hainan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Sanya, 572025, China
Author    Correspondence author
Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol. 15, No. 2   doi: 10.5376/tgg.2024.15.0008
Received: 06 Feb., 2024    Accepted: 10 Mar., 2024    Published: 20 Mar., 2024

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Zhou J., and Liu X.M., 2024, Triticeae and gluten: genetic bases of wheat allergies and sensitivities Triticeae, Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 15(2): 77-87 (doi: 10.5376/tgg.2024.15.0008)

The Triticeae tribe, including major cereals such as wheat, oats, and rye, plays a crucial role in global agriculture and human nutrition. Gluten, the main protein complex in wheat, is indispensable in food processing due to its unique viscoelastic properties but is also a major concern for health issues such as celiac disease (CD), non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS), and wheat allergies. This study aims to review the genetic bases of wheat allergies and sensitivities, including the structure and function of gluten proteins, the genetic variability of allergenic gluten proteins, and diagnostic methods. By exploring the mechanisms of NCWS and the genetic predisposition to CD, this study will also introduce the latest advances in genomic research and molecular breeding techniques, particularly the application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology in reducing wheat allergens. The goal is to integrate genomic approaches and advanced breeding techniques to develop hypoallergenic wheat varieties, thereby improving the safety and quality of wheat products to meet the growing consumer demand for allergen-free foods. This study hopes to provide new insights into the understanding of wheat allergies and sensitivities and offer scientific basis and practical guidance for developing safer and higher-quality wheat products in the future.

Triticeae tribe; Gluten; Wheat allergies; Non-celiac wheat sensitivity; CRISPR/Cas9