Chunxia Wu , Lijun Qiu

Modern Agricultural Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
Legume Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol. 15, No. 3   doi: 10.5376/lgg.2024.15.0015
Received: 10 May, 2024    Accepted: 12 Jun., 2024    Published: 23 Jun., 2024

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Wu C.X., and Qiu L.J., 2024, The role of Rhizobium in legume crop enhancement: genetic insights and practical applications, Legume Genomics and Genetics, 15(3): 140-151 (doi: 10.5376/lgg.2024.15.0015)

Legume-rhizobium symbiosis represents a cornerstone of sustainable agriculture due to its ability to biologically fix atmospheric nitrogen, significantly reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. This study explores the genetic mechanisms underpinning this symbiotic relationship and highlights practical applications for crop enhancement. this study provides an in-depth overview of the biological basis of rhizobium-legume symbiosis, including the mutual benefits and mechanisms of nitrogen fixation, and discuss the specificity of different Rhizobium species. Our study delves into the molecular genetics of Rhizobium, the genetic basis of nodule formation in host plants, and advances in genomic techniques such as sequencing and gene editing. This study also examines the genetic diversity and adaptability of Rhizobium strains, their response to environmental stressors, and the co-evolutionary processes with legume hosts. The practical applications section focuses on breeding for enhanced symbiosis, development and use of Rhizobium inoculants, integrated pest management, and sustainable agricultural practices. Case studies and field trials illustrate the success of these strategies in various legume species, providing empirical support for the discussed concepts. Finally, this study addresses the challenges and future directions for research and policy, emphasizing the need for advanced genetic engineering, long-term ecological studies, and effective farmer education and extension services. This study underscores the potential of leveraging Rhizobium genetics for legume crop enhancement, promising improved agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability.

Legume-rhizobium symbiosis; Nitrogen fixation; Genetic engineering; Sustainable agriculture; Crop enhancement